![]() ![]() (1962) and Bigler (1981) summarize the history and status of the weather radar program conducted by what was then called the U.S. The history of those early developments, and of the research aspects of radar meteorology, is well described in Hitschfeld (1986), Atlas (1990a), and Rogers and Smith (1996). The use of radar to observe the weather developed as an outcome of the intensive work on radar technology during World War II. The papers are based on the experience of some of those who, at various times, have participated in or led operational weather radar programs. This and the companion paper describe the history of the operational use of storm surveillance radars by U.S. Military applications of radar weather data Education, training, and professional development activities Advances in operational radar data processing and digital applications Use of air defense and air traffic control radars for weather detection Radar reporting code and radar summary chart Acquisition, deployment, and employment of AN/FPS-77 storm-detection radar and interim replacement Expansion of Weather Bureau radar and warning capabilities Acquisition, deployment, and operational use of the first weather radar Post-war use of World War II radars at weather stations First radar networks used for weather surveillance First radar operations at individual stations ![]() Bright reflectivity returns that are stationary and appear during both calm and inclement weather are usually land-based obstructions such as mountains, trees, or especially wind farms (nothing gets electromagnetic signals confused like spinning metal blades!).This is helpful for picking out snow/mix/rain transition zones In all snow situations, dBZ values of 40 indicate 3-4”/hr snowfall rates and whiteout conditions. Anything larger than this is usually due to “bright banding” where the radar is seeing the part of the atmosphere where snowflakes are clumping together and melting into raindrops. In cold climates during the winter months, actual dBZ values rarely exceed 40.This is your standard radar data that shows precip or other solid/liquid particles in the atmosphere. The first type of data currently available is reflectivity. We currently have two types of radar data available with plans to add more soon. Use radar data with caution especially if your area of interest is far from the nearest radar location! A lot can happen between 0 and 5,000 feet and therefore the depiction of precipitation given by radar may differ some from what’s actually happening on the ground. Because of this phenomenon, the radar beam will only see precipitation falling through the mid levels of the atmosphere. To see this in action, imagine a circle (earth) with a straight line emanating from some point on the circle if you continue this line out into space, it will gradually get farther and farther from the circle. Because the earth is round and the radar beam is flat, the farther away from the radar tower the beam (energy) travels, the farther removed from the ground becomes. There is a notable constraint to radar data though. This is the highest resolution radar data available which enables you to see features such as sea breeze or outflow boundaries that standard resolution radar entirely misses. This data is gathered from over a hundred radar towers located across the US. Lake Murray, Ardmore OK (WeatherOK, USA).Lightning CG worldwide (since 2004) Plus.Base reflectivity (with archive since 1991).Radar & Lightning Radar & Lightning Radar.Forecast Ensemble Heatmaps (Up to 7 models, multiple runs, graph up to 46 days) Plus.Forecast Ensemble (Up to 7 models, multiple runs, graph up to 46 days).Forecast XL (Graph and table up to 10 days - choose your model).14 day forecast (ECMWF-IFS/EPS, graphs with ranges).Meteograms (Graph 3-5 days - choose your model).Weather overview (Next hours and days, 14 day forecast).Europa Finnish HD HARMONIE (3 days) new.Tropical cyclone tracks (ECMWF/Ensemble). ![]()
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